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Drayage terms

What do common drayage terms mean, from the ramp to your dock?

Drayage terms are the words on arrival notices, rate confirmations and invoices. They describe the truck move between CN Brampton or CPKC Vaughan and your dock. Each term below gets a plain answer and a link to the page that covers it.

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White truck hauling a shipping container at an intermodal terminal
At the ramp

Which words show up before and at the ramp?

These come with the arrival notice and the railway's tracking.

Arrival notice. Your ocean line's or forwarder's notice that the shipment is about to arrive. For a rail move, it names the inland ramp. What to do next

Customs release. CBSA releases imported goods once its requirements are met, as its importer guide explains. Your customs broker requests the release. The two releases

Ocean line release. The line's OK for its container to leave, once its charges are paid. Also called the freight release. Before pickup

Pickup number. The number the ocean line issues once it releases the container. The trucker needs it at the ramp. Where it comes from

Gate appointment. A booked time to collect a container at the ramp. We book the CN Brampton gate appointment or the CPKC Vaughan pickup. Ramp statuses

Arrived. A rail tracking status. On CN, Arrived means the container reached a location, and At Destination means its final terminal. Neither means it is ready for pickup. What each status means

Deramped. Taken off the train. In CN's event codes, Deramped means available for pick up, and the first storage day stays blank until then. Container status

Notified. The railway has sent its notice, which may go to only one party. If you did not get it, ask your forwarder or customs broker. The railway's notice

Available. Ready for a truck at the ramp. Available is not released: the two releases and storage paid or guaranteed must also be in place. Released or not

Hold. A stop placed by customs, the ocean line or the railway. The container stays at the ramp until that party lifts it. What holds a container

Embargo. A railway's notice that it will not accept certain traffic for a time. A strike is different: see rail strikes. Embargoes and congestion

Off-site yard. Where the railway can move a container left at the ramp too long. It adds cost and time, and it can change the pickup point. What it means for pickup

On the bill

Which words show up on the bill?

Storage is billed by the railway. Demurrage is billed by the ocean line. Each one runs on its own clock.

Last free day. The last day the container can leave before the next charge starts. The railway and the ocean line can each set one. Find it

Free time. The time a container can sit, or be used, without extra charges. On a rate confirmation, it is the free waiting allowed before waiting time is billed. The clocks

Railway storage. The railway's charge for a container left at its ramp after free time. CN sets it in its tariff, and it must be paid or guaranteed before pickup. Storage and demurrage

Demurrage. The ocean line's charge while its container is still at the terminal or ramp after free time. It is a separate bill from railway storage. Can it be waived?

Per diem. Per diem is the common name for the ocean line's detention charge. It starts when the container leaves the ramp and runs until the empty is returned. When it stops

Waiting time, or truck detention. The trucker's charge when a truck waits past the free time on the rate confirmation. Documented in and out times decide what is invoiced. How it is counted

Rate confirmation. The document that sets the rate and terms for one load. Ours shows the rate, and fuel surcharge and waiting time as separate lines where they apply. What goes into a rate

Fuel surcharge. A charge for fuel shown apart from the rate. On our rate confirmation, it is its own line where it applies. Comparing quotes

Accessorial. The trade's name for a charge beyond the base move, such as waiting time. Lines on the rate confirmation

Dry run. A trip where the truck arrives but cannot take the container, often because of a hold. Send the container number early and dispatch checks the releases before a truck goes out. What must be in place

Chassis split. An extra move to bring the container and a usable chassis together when they are in different places. Whose chassis

Truck and chassis

Which words are about the truck and the chassis?

These describe what the container rides on.

Chassis. The wheeled frame a container rides on. We pull containers on our own chassis. Equipment terms

Pool chassis. A chassis from a shared pool, not the trucker's. If the move needs one, tell us at tender and name the steamship line. How it changes a rate

Tri-axle chassis. A chassis with three axles instead of two. It lets a heavier container stay within Ontario's axle weight limits. Heavy containers

53 ft domestic container. A 53 foot container for domestic rail and truck moves. CN lists its 53 foot containers as domestic equipment. We haul them, dry and reefer, on the truck legs. Reefer drayage

Reefer and set point. A reefer is a refrigerated container. The set point is the temperature it holds, and it comes from you with the tender. Before a reefer moves

Delivery and the empty

Which words are about delivery and the empty?

These describe your dock and the way back.

Live unload. The driver waits at your dock while you unload, then takes the empty straight back. Live unload or drop

Drop. If you have the yard space, we leave the container on a chassis at your site. We come back for the empty when you are done. Which one to choose

Pre-pull. Pulling a container off the ramp before the last free day and holding it until your dock is ready. We pre-pull into our own secured yard. Is it worth it?

Empty return. Taking the empty back to the ramp or to a depot the shipping line names. Per diem stops when it is accepted back. Where empties go

Export container. A container loaded at your dock for an outbound shipment. We pick up the empty, you load it, and we take it back to the ramp before the rail cutoff. Export drayage

Rail cutoff. The latest time a loaded container can reach the ramp and still leave on its train. CPKC's intermodal shipping guide says outbound loads must be in by the cutoff. How exports work

Who books the truck

Which words are about who books the truck?

These decide who hires the trucker, and who answers for the load.

Merchant haulage. You, your forwarder or your customs broker book the truck from the ramp. The ocean line's booking ends at the ramp. Who hires the trucker

Carrier haulage. The ocean line arranges the truck to your door and bills it with its own charges. Which one you have

Re-brokering and double brokering. Re-brokering means passing an accepted load to another carrier. Double brokering does it without the shipper's knowledge or consent. See how to choose a carrier. How to spot it

Shipper load and count. A note that the shipper loaded and counted the goods out of the trucker's sight. Where you load, count or seal the container yourself, that is your load, your count and your seal. Damage in a sealed container

Seal. The numbered seal on the container doors. Check its number against the paperwork before you break it. Sealed containers

Conditions of carriage. The terms freight moves on with a carrier. Ours restate Ontario's Carriage of Goods regulation in plain English. Read ours

Setara Transport

What does Setara Transport do?

Send us the container number and we tell you what is still missing.

What you send
  • The container number
  • The ramp and the last free day
  • The delivery address and receiving hours
  • Live unload or drop
What we do
  • Book the pickup at the ramp: the CN Brampton gate appointment or the CPKC Vaughan pickup
  • Pull the container on our own chassis
  • Deliver live unload or drop, across the GTA and Ontario
  • Bring the empty back to the ramp or the depot the line names

Dispatch, at (905) 745-2322, Monday to Friday, 8:00 to 18:00 ET, or dispatch@setara.ca.

Questions

Drayage term questions.

What is the difference between drayage and demurrage?
Drayage is the truck leg between the ramp and your dock. Demurrage is the ocean line's charge for its container left at the terminal or ramp after free time.
What does free time mean on a rate confirmation?
It is the free waiting allowed before waiting time is billed. Free time is on the rate confirmation before you accept, and documented in and out times decide what is invoiced.
What is a pool chassis?
A chassis from a shared pool, not the trucker's. We pull containers on our own chassis. If the move needs a pool chassis, tell us at tender and name the steamship line.
What is a set point on a reefer?
The temperature the refrigerated container is set to keep. It comes from you: send the set point with the tender.
What is a dry run in trucking?
A trip where the truck arrives but cannot take the container, often because of a hold or a missing release. The truck made the trip, but the container did not move.
Related answers

More answers for importers.

What does arrived at the ramp mean?

Rail statuses, explained

What goes into a drayage rate?

The lines on the rate confirmation

When does per diem stop?

The ocean line's clock after pickup

All answers

Every answer for importers and forwarders

Container at the ramp? Send us the number.

The container number, the ramp and the last free day.